Buick 19178930 Sensor Asm,Heated Oxygen

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The oxygen sensor is a device that produces an electrical voltage when exposed to the oxygen in the exhaust gases. It is mounted in the exhaust system and can be heated internally for faster reaction. The sensor produces a voltage between zero and one volt, with a low voltage indicating a lean mixture and a high voltage indicating a rich mixture. The stoichiometric air to fuel ratio causes the voltage to fluctuate. Some models have multiple sensors, with one before the catalyst and one after, to monitor emissions reduction. The sensor only works after reaching a certain temperature, at which point the PCM can adjust the air/fuel ratio based on the sensor readings. A heated oxygen sensor has a heating element to maintain proper operating temperature. To test a single wire sensor, visually inspect the pigtail, check for air supply and clean air filter, ensure proper grounding, check fuel injectors and pressure, inspect for vacuum and exhaust leaks, check for fuel contamination, and test the sensor's voltage output. For a heated oxygen sensor, visually inspect the connector, check grounding, inspect fuel injectors and pressure, check for vacuum and exhaust leaks, disconnect the MAF sensor, check for fuel contamination, and test the sensor's voltage output. When removing and installing the oxygen sensor, use caution and do not remove the pigtail connector. Start the engine and let it warm up before removing the sensor using a special socket. Apply anti-seize compound to the threads before reinstalling the sensor.

The engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor is a thermistor that changes resistance with temperature. To check it, measure the resistance while cold and warm, and ensure the reference voltage from the PCM is around 5.0 volts.

You should be careful to avoid damaging or removing the pigtail or electrical connector, as this will render the sensor useless.

The manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor monitors intake manifold pressure changes and varies its voltage output accordingly. To check it, you should check the reference voltage and signal voltage with the ignition on and engine off, and observe voltage changes as the engine's vacuum changes.

The knock sensors detect engine knock. To check them, you should check for reference voltage and resistance.

The knock sensors detect engine knock. To check them, you should check for reference voltage and resistance.