The balljoints on the two outer tie-rods and the central relay rod are connected by a tapered ball stud in a tapered hole, secured with a castellated nut and cotter pin. The outer tie-rods are tubular, internally threaded sleeve types, secured to the tie-rod ends with clamps and bolts. To remove the balljoint, raise the front end of the car and remove the ball stud nut; if the tapered studs are wedged in, a gear puller or slotted steel wedges can be used, or a hammer can be applied to one side of the hole in the arm to help squeeze the taper out. Always keep the stud nut on the top of the stud threads to protect them from damage. Measure the length of exposed thread on each tie-rod end for reassembly, release the pinch bolts from the clamps, and unscrew the tie-rod end from the tie-rod sleeve. When installing new tie-rod ends, ensure they are screwed into the sleeves the same amount as the originals. After installation, check the toe-in, paying attention to the position of the clamps if doing it yourself. If the balljoints on the central relay rod are worn, the relay rod must be replaced as an assembly, and the toe-in should be checked afterward. If the idler arm needs removal, disconnect it first at the frame mounting and then at the idler arm end using the same procedure as for other steering linkage joints.