It is important to not assume that the malfunctioning starting circuit is caused by the starter. First, consider several key components: Begin with clean and securely connected clamps for the battery cables. Replace all damaged battery cables with new ones. Test the battery's condition, and if it does not pass any of these tests, replace it with a new one. Check wiring and connections on the starter solenoid. Are the bolts holding the starter tight enough. Besides, confirm that the shift lever is in PARK or NEUTRAL position only. Try to check out the small wire on your test light or voltmeter for battery voltage at the solenoid while an assistant turns your ignition switch to START if nothing happens when you turn your ignition switch to START but your starter will not engage. If there are no voltages present here, make use of wiring diagrams so as to help you identify which part of your starting system circuit has failed. However, in case voltage is present while still you cannot hear any sound from your starter, then remove and bench test this kind of a component. If you suspect that your starter cranks slowly, measure cranking voltage and current from battery using an induction type ammeter while actuating engine crank mechanism. The battery voltage should never be less than 8.5 volts; besides its current draw measured by an inductive type ammeter must range between 250-400 amps during cranking operation (process). On workbenches take off and examine starters/solenoids assemblies normally if power comes into this device then it means there could be problem with its solenoid/assembly but in extreme cases a jammed engine too can lead to such situation. Is it possible to apply electricity from a battery to S-terminal then observe plunger, lever shift overrunning clutch piston drive. Now depending upon these implications we know whether our starter or solenoid has defects or whether both of them are operational together.
