New and rebuilt cylinder heads of almost all the engines can be purchased from dealers and auto-parts centres. Making and assembling new cylinder heads can be expensive because of the specialized tools used in disassembly and inspection, and because of the unavailability of replacement parts; it may be more cost effective for the home mechanic to get replacement heads instead of going through the process of disassembling, inspecting, and reconditioning. Bowls consist of the detachment of the intake and exhaust valves and other parts and accessories. For both Quad-4 engine and a 3.4L V6, one must pull out the camshafts and their housings before beginning the disassembly process. For a 2.2 or 2.5 liter four-cylinder engine, or V6 engine other than the 3.4, the rocker arm nuts, pivot balls, and rocker will require to be detached from the cylinder head studs and should be labelled for ease of reassembly. It is recommended to sort the valves and their accessories that have been removed from the unit before discarding them; this to ensure that each valve and its associated accessories are kept separately to avoid damages that may result from mixing different accessories. Unscrew the keepers on the first valve with the help of a spring compressor and using the compressor dismantle the retainer, spring and spring seat if employed. It should be noted that valve rotators are assembled underneath the springs on the Quad-4 powerplant. Draw out the valve from its head and swing cut the old oil seal off the guide; if it sticks, press back into the head and trim the area that has the keeper groove. Do this for the rest of the valves, and arrange all the parts required for each valve for reassembly in one set. Once all the valves and related other parts are detached from the head and safely organized, it is high time to give the head a good wash and get down to the further steps of the disassembly process if it is a complete overhaul you are doing before washing and inspection.