Before being able to take out the piston and connecting rod assemblies they need to be disassembled by having to take off the cylinder head and the oil pan. Place a fingernail, index finger, to look for any ridges at the maximum of the ring travel, which are stripped off with a proper tool so as not to cause the piston to break. Once again flipping the engine over turn it so the crankshaft is oriented up after the method of removing the ridges mentioned above. Inspection of the connecting rod end play with a feeler gauge, should be done to see if it is within the service limit, if it is beyond this limit, then it may be necessary to replace the connecting rods. Label each of the connecting rods and their respective caps to tell apart them while loosening the cap bolts to the required torque level at which the bolts can be removed easily. Twist off the first connecting rod cap and the bearing insert should stay in place without falling out, push out the connecting rod / piston combination through the top of the engine. Do the same for the rest of the cylinders and tighten the caps and inserts as not to cause any misalignments. The pistons and connecting rods of the engines are now prepared for checks and refurbishment if necessary. When replacing the piston rings make sure that the ring end gaps are correct, as well as the piston ring side clearance. Arrange the cylinder/piston and connecting rods along with new rings in a manner according to matching of the piston/connecting rod assemblies. Put the top ring into the first cylinder with the end of the ring flush with the cylinder walls and then feel for the end gap with feeler gauges. If the gap is not right, then, erase it gradually by grinding the ring ends. Do this for each ring, to make sure that each one is matched up correctly with the pistons and cylinders. After adjustments of the above gaps, the rings must be fitted on the pistons, in the sequence of the oil control ring, followed by the middle and the upper ring, with the Vs facing upwards. It is also important to note that prior to installation cylinder walls should be clean, edges of the cylinder should be chamfered and the crankshaft fitted. Remove and discard the old bearing inserts with a clean anc clean tool and a small tap install the new bearing inserts into the connecting rod and cap without using any lubrication to ensure that the inserts are fitted properly. Align the piston ring gaps at 90 degrees interval and apply oil to the piston as well as all piston rings, for putting of this ring, a piston ring compressor is most appropriate. Place the piston/connecting rod assembly direct into the cylinder bore in the right formation with out any forceful means. Following the installation, it is required to measure the oil clearance of the connecting rod bearing by using Plastigage and ascertain the size and the condition of the bearing inserts. If the clearance is other than as specified, cleanliness and journal diameter should be checked before contemplating a rebore. Clean off the Plastigage and coat the bearing surfaces with fresh grease and place the rod cap complete with new bolts and tighten to manufacturers recommendation. This is done for the remaining assemblies, making sure that each of them does not have dirt, and is well oriented. Last, turn the crankshaft to see if there is any bind, or interference, and to check the connecting rod end play once more, in relation to the standard an.keras of tolerance.
